Cyber-Physical Integration of PCB, Harness, and System Assembly Lines

Abstract

To enhance the characterisation of cyber-physical system (CPS) characteristics by utilizing embedded components. The method facilitates micro-miniaturization and improves stability by enabling the integration of electronic components into printed circuit boards (PCBs). Due to the complexity of printed circuit board (PCB) manufacturing and the significant impact of social factors, integrated checking is necessary to ensure and enhance production quality. Over the past few decades, the printed circuit board (PCB) industry has had some of the fastest growth. Due to the complexity of printed circuit board (PCB) manufacturing and the significant impact of social factors, integrated checking is necessary to ensure and enhance production quality. Due to rapid changes in consumer preferences and advances in electrical technology, electronics, particularly home automation equipment, are becoming increasingly obsolete. Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) are the fundamental components of modern electronic devices. The final product's functionality and dependability are directly affected by how effectively it is assembled.  The printed circuit board (PCB) is no longer a remote location. It is connected to power units, sensor networks, and other components using a variety of wire harnesses. There is more to these harnesses than just "cable bundles." It is possible to enhance the characterisation of cyber-physical system (CPS) characteristics by utilizing embedded components. The method facilitates micro-miniaturization and improves stability by enabling the integration of electronic components into printed circuit boards (PCBs).  Combining computer and physical processes results in cyber-physical systems (CPSs). Devices enable seamless connection between the virtual and physical worlds. In these systems, computer components interface with the physical world to enable real-time communication and decision-making. Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are interconnected systems that more closely integrate fundamental and computational components. As the computer components can observe both the system and its environment, computers can continuously provide feedback to help govern the system and alter its environment.