Low-altitude Emergency Strategy Using Ad-hoc Radio Relay eVTOLs in Karst Topography and Game Analysis

Abstract

The low-altitude economy (LAE) represents a novel economic framework centered around low-altitude aviation activities. Electric Vertical Take-Off and Landing vehicles (eVTOLs) are emerging as the key instruments for LAE due to their quiet operation, scalability, environmental friendliness, efficiency, and autonomous capabilities. In regions with complex karst topography, such as the ASEAN border areas, leveraging eVTOL networks with radio relays can significantly enhance communication quality, logistics efficiency, emergency response, and tourism experiences, thereby offering a transformative development for regional LAE. We investigate the coverage of wireless base stations along a section of the Hechi Muluojia Canyon coastline in Guangxi, China, identifying challenges in achieving high-quality wireless communications. In response, we propose the Low-altitude Emergency Strategy (LES), which employs ad-hoc radio relay eVTOLs (ARR eVTOLs) in conjunction with GSOs to deftly counteract radio fading and interference, thereby improving communication accessibility and quality. To generalize the issue, we develop a differential evolutionary game model of LES, examining various game scenarios where participants face negative net gains and disregard costs. This study offers a theoretical contribution to addressing wireless network security challenges within the LES framework.